A dataset containing information about students, staff, and faculty commuting to McMaster University. Data were collected by means of a travel survey in the fall of 2010. Respondents were asked about their mode of travel to McMaster University, in Hamilton, Canada. They were also asked about the modes available to them. The data set also contains relevant attributes about the respondents. The format of the table is wide, with each row representing an individual respondent. These variables were augmented with information from the 2011 Census of Canada and land use information from local sources.
Usage
data(mc_modality)Format
A data frame with 4,146 rows and 37 variables:
- id
Unique identifier for respondents
- choice
Mode of transportation chosen: Active Travel (Cycle/Walk), HSR (local transit), Car, GO (regional transit)
- LAT
Latitude of the place or residence, geocoded at the nearest major intersection or centroid of 6-digit postal area
- LONG
Longitude of the place or residence, geocoded at the nearest major intersection or centroid of 6-digit postal area
- shared_vehicle
Indicator variable for having individual access to a private car (i.e., car shared with other household members): Yes/No
- bicycle
Indicator variable for owning a bicycle: Yes/No
- gender
Woman/Man
- age
Age in years
- status
Indicator variable for status at McMaster: Staff or Faculty/Student
- care_giver
Indicator variable for being primary care giver for any minors in the household: Yes/No
- modality
Indicator variable for number of available modes: One Mode/Two Modes/Three Modes/Four Modes
- Boring
Response to statement "Traveling is boring" as factor: Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neutral, Agree, Strongly Agree
- Buses_Comfortable
Response to statement "The buses I usually travel in are comfortable" as factor: Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neutral, Agree, Strongly Agree
- Clean_Fuel
Response to statement "To improve the environment, I am willing to pay a little more to use a hybrid, electric or other clean fuel vehicle" as factor: Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neutral, Agree, Strongly Agree
- Limit_Driving
Response to statement "I limit my auto travel to help improve congestion and the environment" as factor: Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neutral, Agree, Strongly Agree
- Productive_Time
Response to statement "I use my commute time productively" as factor: Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neutral, Agree, Strongly Agree
- Safe_Cycle
Response to statement "I feel safe and secure to cycle around town" as factor: Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neutral, Agree, Strongly Agree
- Shops_Services
Response to statement "Having shops and services within walking distance of my home is important to me" as factor: Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neutral, Agree, Strongly Agree
- Someone_Else
Response to statement "Usually, I'd rather have someone else do the driving" as factor: Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neutral, Agree, Strongly Agree
- Stuck_Traffic
Response to statement "Getting stuck in traffic doesn't bother me too much" as factor: Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neutral, Agree, Strongly Agree
- Transition
Response to statement "My commute trip is a useful transition between home and school" as factor: Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neutral, Agree, Strongly Agree
- Travel_Alone
Response to statement "I like traveling alone" as factor: Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neutral, Agree, Strongly Agree
- Travel_Tiring
Response to statement "Traveling is generally tiring for me" as factor: Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neutral, Agree, Strongly Agree
- Wasted_Time
Response to statement "Traveling is generally tiring for me" as factor: Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neutral, Agree, Strongly Agree
- Rate_Immigrant
Proportion of inmigrants to total population in Dissemination Area
- Rate_Non_Canadian
Proportion of non-Canadian residents to total population in Dissemination Area
- Rate_Labor
Proportion of residents in Dissemination Area who are in the labor force
- Rate_Unemployment
Unemployment rate in Dissemination Area
- Rate_Married
Proportion of families headed by a married couple to total population in Dissemination Area
- Mean_Age
Mean age of residents in Dissemination Area in years
- Mean_Children
Mean number of children per family in Dissemination Area
- Median_HH_Income
Median family income in Dissemination Area in $10,000
- LITA
Transit access index – combination of capacity, frequency, and coverage of service (Wiley et al., 2011)
- LUM
Entropy-based land use mix index in Dissemination Area: lower values mean more homogenous land uses, higher values greater mix of uses
- MAC_DISTANCE
Network distance from place of residence to McMaster University in km
- POPULATION_DENSITY
Population density in Dissemination Area in people/sq.km
- SF_P_RATIO
Ratio of building footprint to parcel area in Dissemination Area: a measure of density of development
Source
Lavery, T., P\'aez, A., & Kanaroglou, P.S. (2013). Driving out of choices: An investigation of transport modality in a university sample. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 57:37-46 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2013.09.010)
Examples
data(mc_modality)
summary(mc_modality)
#> id choice LAT LONG
#> Min. :1.170e+09 Active Travel:1686 Min. :43.12 Min. :-80.18
#> 1st Qu.:1.173e+09 HSR :1364 1st Qu.:43.24 1st Qu.:-79.93
#> Median :1.175e+09 Car :1056 Median :43.25 Median :-79.91
#> Mean :1.186e+09 GO : 40 Mean :43.25 Mean :-79.90
#> 3rd Qu.:1.194e+09 3rd Qu.:43.26 3rd Qu.:-79.88
#> Max. :1.241e+09 Max. :43.40 Max. :-79.63
#> shared_vehicle bicycle gender age status
#> Yes :1099 No :1974 Man :1573 Min. :17.00 Staff or Faculty: 896
#> NA's:3047 Yes:2172 Woman:2573 1st Qu.:20.00 Student :3250
#> Median :21.00
#> Mean :26.26
#> 3rd Qu.:28.00
#> Max. :71.00
#> care_giver modality Boring
#> No :3820 Four Modes : 137 STRONGLY DISAGREE: 444
#> Yes: 326 One Mode : 888 DISAGREE :1388
#> Three Modes:1110 NEUTRAL :1342
#> Two Modes :2011 AGREE : 793
#> STRONGLY AGREE : 179
#>
#> Buses_Comfortable Clean_Fuel Limit_Driving
#> STRONGLY DISAGREE: 235 STRONGLY DISAGREE: 218 STRONGLY DISAGREE: 176
#> DISAGREE : 745 DISAGREE : 622 DISAGREE : 861
#> NEUTRAL :1432 NEUTRAL :1151 NEUTRAL :1209
#> AGREE :1624 AGREE :1624 AGREE :1328
#> STRONGLY AGREE : 110 STRONGLY AGREE : 531 STRONGLY AGREE : 572
#>
#> Productive_Time Safe_Cycle Shops_Services
#> STRONGLY DISAGREE: 372 STRONGLY DISAGREE: 364 STRONGLY DISAGREE: 35
#> DISAGREE :1213 DISAGREE : 982 DISAGREE : 179
#> NEUTRAL :1279 NEUTRAL :1128 NEUTRAL : 445
#> AGREE :1066 AGREE :1347 AGREE :1974
#> STRONGLY AGREE : 216 STRONGLY AGREE : 325 STRONGLY AGREE :1513
#>
#> Someone_Else Stuck_Traffic Transition
#> STRONGLY DISAGREE: 434 STRONGLY DISAGREE:1239 STRONGLY DISAGREE: 263
#> DISAGREE :1038 DISAGREE :1627 DISAGREE : 874
#> NEUTRAL : 996 NEUTRAL : 685 NEUTRAL :1372
#> AGREE :1191 AGREE : 529 AGREE :1348
#> STRONGLY AGREE : 487 STRONGLY AGREE : 66 STRONGLY AGREE : 289
#>
#> Travel_Alone Travel_Tiring Wasted_Time
#> STRONGLY DISAGREE: 224 STRONGLY DISAGREE: 177 STRONGLY DISAGREE: 206
#> DISAGREE :1004 DISAGREE :1385 DISAGREE :1197
#> NEUTRAL :1593 NEUTRAL :1203 NEUTRAL :1009
#> AGREE :1129 AGREE :1169 AGREE :1323
#> STRONGLY AGREE : 196 STRONGLY AGREE : 212 STRONGLY AGREE : 411
#>
#> Rate_Immigrant Rate_Non_Canadian Rate_Labor Rate_Unemployment
#> Min. :0.0000 Min. :0.00000 Min. :0.0000 Min. :0.00000
#> 1st Qu.:0.1887 1st Qu.:0.02326 1st Qu.:0.6090 1st Qu.:0.03200
#> Median :0.2660 Median :0.06021 Median :0.6620 Median :0.05900
#> Mean :0.2715 Mean :0.07959 Mean :0.6602 Mean :0.06559
#> 3rd Qu.:0.3411 3rd Qu.:0.11538 3rd Qu.:0.7140 3rd Qu.:0.09400
#> Max. :0.6723 Max. :0.43750 Max. :0.9110 Max. :0.36500
#> Rate_Married Mean_Age Mean_Children Median_HH_Income
#> Min. :0.0000 Min. : 0.00 Min. :0.000 Min. : 0.000
#> 1st Qu.:0.3663 1st Qu.:36.36 1st Qu.:0.900 1st Qu.: 4.577
#> Median :0.4370 Median :39.47 Median :1.100 Median : 5.989
#> Mean :0.4513 Mean :39.21 Mean :1.078 Mean : 6.248
#> 3rd Qu.:0.5500 3rd Qu.:42.20 3rd Qu.:1.300 3rd Qu.: 7.651
#> Max. :0.7453 Max. :70.53 Max. :2.500 Max. :15.896
#> LITA LUM MAC_DISTANCE POPULATION_DENSITY
#> Min. :1.00 Min. :0.0000 Min. : 0.2939 Min. : 0.00
#> 1st Qu.:3.00 1st Qu.:0.2443 1st Qu.: 1.2763 1st Qu.: 12.51
#> Median :4.00 Median :0.4480 Median : 3.4619 Median : 26.56
#> Mean :3.76 Mean :0.4002 Mean : 5.5738 Mean : 38.79
#> 3rd Qu.:5.00 3rd Qu.:0.5837 3rd Qu.: 8.7451 3rd Qu.: 44.53
#> Max. :5.00 Max. :0.9130 Max. :29.7833 Max. :811.35
#> SF_P_RATIO
#> Min. :0.0000
#> 1st Qu.:0.1595
#> Median :0.2682
#> Mean :0.2466
#> 3rd Qu.:0.3160
#> Max. :0.6753